Author: Deb Tracy

I am a reformed attorney who has returned to my first loves, American history and classic cars. Raised in a family of automobile fanatics, my Dad is one of those guys who can look at a set of tail lights and tell you what car they belong to and follow that with a story about one he owned. Forget the “new car” smell, I love the smell of old cars and old garages. My husband (retired law enforcement and former U.S. Marine) and I turned our hobby into a business a few years ago and now happily deal in classic cars and their various parts. We live in rural Nebraska with our amazing teenage daughter and a houseful of border collies.
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The Meridian Highway Bridge

As the number of automobile owners increased during the early 1900s, so did demand for better roads. One of the major north-south routes was the Meridian Highway which crossed the Great Plains from Winnipeg, Canada, to Mexico City, Mexico. Now it is known as US 81, but back then it was nicknamed the “Main Street of North America.” The Meridian Highway took its name from the Sixth Principal Meridian which it roughly paralleled, and at one time was reported to be the longest international highway in the world.  The last section of the highway to be completed was the Meridian Highway Bridge at Yankton, South Dakota, which spans the great Missouri River between that state and Nebraska. This historic bridge is celebrating its 100th anniversary this year.

This map was part of an ad in an Oklahoma newspaper advocating for the paving of roads in Kingfisher County.

Prior to the construction of the Meridian Highway Bridge, those needing to cross the river at Yankton had to use a ferry service or a seasonal pontoon bridge. For this reason, talk of a bridge project was nothing new when a group of Yankton businessmen renewed the discussion in 1919. They began raising local capital and holding meetings, and as often happens, some turned heated. At one meeting in particular, “boxing gloves were resorted to in a successful effort to relieve ill feeling and restore the sanity and good nature of the bridge sponsors.”

The group founded The Meridian Highway Bridge Company and commenced a campaign to sell stock. An engineer was hired, and the first dirt was thrown in February of 1921. The company adopted a policy of paying bills in full every Saturday and continued this practice until the end. In 1923, $300,000 in bonds were issued to finish the project which had a total cost of $1,250,000. It was truly a local project since eighty-five percent of the capital was raised from a population of 20,000 people living within twenty miles of the bridge.

The bridge was said to be a lucky one as there were no serious accidents or injuries in the building of it. This fortunate bridge was also a double-decker with thirty-four feet nine inches between the lower and upper decks. It was designed for vehicular traffic on the upper level and for trains on the lower level, although it never actually saw any use by trains. The bridge proper was 1,668 feet long, and the total length including approaches was 5,863 feet. It was constructed with eight piers of reinforced concrete with steel on the upper river side. The piers measured sixteen by fifty-eight feet at the base, and the height of the piers mid-steam was sixty-eight feet six inches, with thirty-five feet below the bed of the river. A total of 30,000 pounds of steel was used.

 It had a lift mechanism that allowed river traffic to pass below. The distance between the lifting span piers was 250 feet and designed so that the lifting span could be placed between any two piers in case the river changed course. The span weighed 800 tons and was able to be lifted twenty-seven feet using counterweights and a 20-hp gasoline motor.

The project put one man out of business, ferry operator Captain Joseph Geisler, but he apparently wasn’t too broken up about it as he was also a stockholder in the bridge company. He had been operating a steamboat on the Missouri since 1880 and was likely quite tired of it.

The Meridian was a toll bridge, and this was the schedule of tolls when the bridge opened in 1924:

The completion of the bridge was celebrated with a week of great pageantry. There were parades, floats, fireworks, football games, and rodeos, and a tent city with 1,000 shelters had to be constructed to accommodate all of the travelers coming from other states and countries. The town of Wausa, Nebraska, population 400, recruited residents from the entire county so it could send a delegation numbering 800. Both Canada and Mexico sent delegations to christen the bridge with bottles of water brought from their respective countries to mingle with the water of the Missouri. The Sioux sent a representative from the Rosebud Reservation to meet and clasp hands with a Yankton representative in the middle of the bridge. Dirt from every county in South Dakota and Nebraska was mixed in jars and also tossed into the river. There was even a wedding held in the center of the bridge. A crowd of 20,000 people was on-hand to witness the actual bridge dedication on October 17, 2024.

The city of Yankton took over ownership in 1946. After recouping the $700,000 purchase price through tolls, toll collection ended in 1953. The first car to drive across the toll-free bridge was reported to be a 1913 Model T “showpiece” driven by a city commissioner; unfortunately, no paper saw fit to publish a picture of the classic Ford. The two decks were converted to one-way vehicular traffic, one going north and one going south. The lift mechanism was later removed.

Today, a new bridge has been constructed for vehicular traffic crossing the Missouri at Yankton. The one-hundred-year-old Meridian Highway Bridge is now used for recreational purposes, and that upper deck still affords one beautiful view of the Missouri River.

View of the new bridge from the top level of the Meridian Highway Bridge
Lower level of the bridge facing south
Plaque that stands near the bridge today.
Bicyclists using the historic bridge.
Upper level of the Meridian Highway Bridge.

Sources:

“Ceremonies Mark End of 29-Year Fees.” The Daily Argus Leader [Sioux Falls], 1 Dec 1953, p.1

“Great Crowd Sees Bridge Dedicated.” Norfolk Daily News, 17 Oct. 1924, p. 2.

“If We Wait – What?” The Hennessey Clipper, 30 Oct 1924, p. 4.

“New Meridian Highway Bridge.” Free Press Evening Bulletin [Winnipeg], 18 Oct 1924, p. 29.

“Wedding on New Yankton Bridge.” Polk County Democrat, 23 Oct. 1924, p. 6.

“Week of Celebration to Mark Opening Meridian Highway Bridge at Yankton.” The Lincoln Star, 3 Oct 1924, p. 6.

“Week’s Celebration to Mark Opening Yankton Bridge.” The Daily Argus Leader [Sioux Falls], 11 Oct 1924, p. 5.

“Yankton Toll House Vacant; Bridge Clear.” The North Platte Telegraph Bulletin, 2 Dec 1953, p. 2.

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The Nebraska Version of the Fuller

The best-known Fuller automobile is likely the one made in Michigan, but there was also a Fuller made in Nebraska, and it was a beauty with gleaming brass accents. The Nebraska Fuller was manufactured in the tiny town of Angus, Nebraska, by a homegrown mechanical genius, and it likely would have continued to thrive were it not for shareholder disagreements.

The Fuller as depicted in the Angus Automobile Company brochure.

The man with the mechanical aptitude was Charles Fuller, and he had gathered experience in a blacksmithing and buggy shop where he completed an early version of a car, reportedly the first one in the state. This experience combined with stints working for the St. Louis and Lambert Car Companies to ignite a desire to start his own car company. In 1906, the business was incorporated with capitalization of $50,000 in his hometown of Angus, which had a population of around 500 at that time. A new $20,000 factory was constructed, and manufacturing commenced in February of 1907 with a capability of building 13 cars at one time. Two other Fuller Brothers (Clarence and Lon) and their father, a preacher and a blacksmith who was also named Charles, were also involved in the business.

Photos of the Angus Automobile Company taken around 1908.

The company hired around 40 employees to build the cars that, unlike the Model T, were available in a variety of colors. In an interview conducted in 1965, a former employee said that the paint shop would put on 16-18 coats of quality paint, and that he remembered delivering cars in red, gray, white, green, blue, and black. The cars were powered by the Indiana-made Rutenber engines that were used in many early automobiles including the Auburn.

The Fuller Touring Car was powered by a 4-cylinder 35-40hp Rutenber motor. Other models available included a Gentleman’s Roadster, a Runabout, and a heavier Touring Car with a 60hp 6-cylinder engine. The company pioneered many ideas, including the use of a steel shaft instead of a chain drive to transmit power from the engine to the rear wheels. This 1908 advertisement is a most detailed explanation of the mechanics of the automobile:

One 1907 paper reported that Charles Fuller had taken one of his new automobiles to the nearby town of Edgar one day when he received a phone message that he was needed back in Angus before the train left the station there. The train was due to leave in 15 minutes, and Fuller made it in 12. Today, Google says the trip will still take 10 minutes.

A common marketing ploy in the early 1900s was to put a car on a giant teeter totter. The Fuller took its turn on such a contraption at a 1909 Odd Fellows picnic.

The car was manufactured until 1910, its demise the result of disagreements over the future of the company. The success of the venture had resulted in a lot of interest from outside parties; newspapers reported that at least four other towns were trying to induce the company to move operations there. Then a group of Omaha businessmen offered to purchase the company after seeing an exhibition at the Nuckolls County Fairgrounds in which the Fuller completed two half-mile laps in 60 seconds. Charles Fuller wanted to sell, but the other shareholders refused. Charles left the business, and there was no business without Charles Fuller. A 1913 newspaper story appeared when the Angus Automobile Company was sold to a couple of men from Brewster. It confirmed that company control had been secured by a group of Nelson businessmen at some point and moved to Nelson, but that it had been operating as a general repair and garage business as cars had not been manufactured for several years.

Sources differ on the actual number of Fullers built, but generally agree there were hundreds completed. Regardless of the number built, the Fuller might have completely disappeared from this earth were it not for the fact that a niece of the Fullers married a California car guy with Nebraska roots by the name of Ray Ringer.  A 1955 newspaper story described Ringer as someone who collected parts of old car models and assembled them as a hobby, and the story was written because the Ringers were traveling to Lexington, Nebraska, to see the last known surviving Fuller, a 1908 model. There is no report of what they actually found in Lexington, but Ringer was able to scrounge enough parts to put together this Fuller which is now on display at the Nuckolls County Historical Society & Museum in Superior, Nebraska.

This gorgeous Touring Car has a red leather interior, cream colored paint, and beautiful brass accents. It is powered by the 4-cylinder/40-hp Rutenber motor. A plate mounted on the rear of the car identifies it as a Fuller, manufactured by the Angus Automobile Company. There is an emblem on the radiator, but it isn’t likely original.

As for the Fuller brothers, Clarence moved to Hastings and opened a car dealership with his son, Homer. He died in 1943 and Homer continued in the business, building these new quarters for a Buick dealership in 1950.

Charles moved to California and continued to invent. He made the papers in the 1930s for inventing a machine to extract gold by the placer method using air instead of water. It was reported that the giant machines were not for sale but were leased out for a flat rate plus a percentage of the profits. Manufactured in Los Angeles, the machines were 47 feet long, 18 feet wide and weighed 33 tons. According to a 1971 article written by his daughter in The Horseless Carriage Gazette, Charles Fuller died at his drafting table in 1940.

Homer Fuller once recalled the day his father drove one of the new Fullers by a church just as the service was over. The unusual site of an automobile sent horses and buggies in every direction, and Homer said, “They were going to hang my father, sue him, and everything else.” The original site of the factory in Angus is now a cornfield. There is little left of the now-unincorporated town, just a few streets, a handful of houses, and the memories of the fine automobiles that were once built there.

Note : The following names were mentioned in old newspaper stories in connection with the Angus Automobile Company.

Nelson Businessmen: C. R. Imler, M.S. Storer, D.L. Davies, L.W. Knapp, William A. Voigt, S.A. Lapp, V.A. Thomas, W.W. Hawley, Proctor Peebler

Incorporators: Charles E Fuller, Charles M Fuller, D.C. Mills, L. Moss, H.G. Eggers, J.L. Carlon, E.C. Moore, J.W. Ewing

Employees: Gilbert Osborne, Mr. Davis, G.W. Taylor, C.T. Moss

Sources:

Advertisement. District IOOF Picnic. The Edgar Sun, 20 Aug 1909, p. 5.

Advertisement. Fuller Motor Car. The Deshler Rustler, 14 Feb 1908, p. 12.

Advertisement. “The Angus Automobile Company.” The Lincoln Journal Star, 19 Feb 1908, p. 5.

Advertisement. Western Motor Sales. The Hastings Daily Tribune, 12 May 1950, p. 7.

Advertisement. W. J. Burt Motor Car Company. The Los Angeles Times, 3 Sept 1911, p. VII-4.

“Angus Auto Factory Sold.” The Edgar Post, 11 Mar 1913, p. 1.

“Automobile News.” Omaha Daily Bee, 28 Jul 1907, p. 3.

“Automobile Show Attracts.” The Nebraska State Journal, 27 Feb 1908, p. 3.

Bixby, Max. “When Angus Was a Thriving Town and Automobiles Were Manufactured There.” The Superior Express, 1 Apr 1965, p. 2-1.

“Chance For New Factory.” The Beatrice Daily Express, 8 Apr 1908, p. 1.

“Charles M. Fuller Inventor of Giant Placer Mining Machine.” The Hastings Daily Tribune, 26 Jul 1932, p. 8.

“District I. O. O. F. Picnic.” The Edgar Post, 20 Aug 1909, p. 1.

“From Our Exchanges.” Nuckolls County Herald, 11 Jul 1907, p. 10.

“Fuller Cars Manufactured at Angus Fifty Years Ago.” The Oak Leaf, 23 Sept 1967, p. 2.

“Fuller Car Manufactured in Angus Listed in Auto History.” The Hastings Daily Tribune, 21 Nov 1951, p. 5.

“Growth of the Automobile in Popularity and General Utility in Omaha.” Omaha Daily Bee, 22 Mar 1908, p. 3.

“Homer Fuller Dies Sunday.” The Hastings Daily Tribune,10 Jul 1961, p. 9.

“Local Lore.” Nuckolls County Herald, 11 Aug 1911, p. 5.

“Rather Independent.” The Superior Journal, 25 Apr 1907, p. 4.

“Tells of Recent Trip.” The Edgar Sun, 20 Oct 1955, p. 4.

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The Year the American Auto Industry First Hit One Million in Inventory

The American auto industry hit the million mark in inventory for the first time in 1960. This story about the new record appeared in March of that year:

Although this article tries to paint a rosy picture, the country was on the precipice of a recession caused in part by industrial overexpansion to meet post-war demand. Another reason for the high inventories in the auto industry was the record output of compact cars which were surging in popularity. During the first week of March, it was reported that the six compact cars accounted for 25.1 percent of the total output for the week. In addition to the AMC Rambler and the Studebaker Lark, the Big Three were offering the Ford Falcon, the Mercury Comet, the Plymouth Valiant, and the Chevrolet Corvair. Chevrolet was outpacing everyone in terms of both production and sales.

Automobile inventories have been in the news regularly for the past few years, due mainly to the lack thereof. It was downright spooky to drive by the empty dealership lots, barren wastelands caused, at least in part, by production cuts during the pandemic and global microchip shortages. The Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis recently published this visual depiction of the fluctuation in domestic auto inventories since 1994.

Domestic Auto Inventories (AUINSA) | FRED | St. Louis Fed (stlouisfed.org) U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Domestic Auto Inventories [AUINSA], retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis; https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/AUINSA, June 17, 2024.

As you can see from the chart, inventories have started to rebound from the depths plummeted to in February of 2022. Even so, those unpleasant sky-high prices do not appear to be coming down anytime soon.

For comparison purposes, you could buy a new Chevy Biscayne in 1960 for around $2,300. For a couple hundred dollars more, you could get yourself a new Bel Air two-door hardtop Sport Coupe.

That is roughly equivalent in purchasing power to $26,000 today. There are still some new car options under $30,000 in 2024, but none will give you the same thrill you would get from cruising around in that ’60 Sport Coupe. Let’s hope improving production numbers and rising inventories translate into lower prices and better access for today’s buyers, but even if inventories return to that million mark, buyers will never again have access to the fine and diverse automobiles available the first time it happened:

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A Seldom-Seen Buick Light

Do you recognize this interesting and hard-to-find light we picked up the other day?

It is a reverse light for some 1958 Buick models, and it would have been found in the back bumper, directly under the tail light, as seen here on a Roadmaster 75:

Photo credit: Greg Gjerdingen from Willmar, USA, CC BY 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

My Dad always referred to 1958 Oldsmobiles as “Christmas trees” due to all of the chrome ornamentation, but the Buicks of the same year are similarly bedecked. Just check out this beautiful chromed-up Buick station wagon:

Photo credit: CZmarlin — Christopher Ziemnowicz — photo credit is required if this image is used anywhere other than Wikipedia., CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The ’58 Buicks had dual headlights and an incredibly unique grille:

Photo credit: Lars-Göran Lindgren Sweden, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

It was described as consisting of chrome squares, like jewels, set in four rows that extended all the way across the front to the outer extremities of the car, accentuating the lowness and breadth. Each chrome square was composed of four triangular surfaces designed to reflect maximum light. I have heard it called a “drawer pull” grille, but I see what Buick was going for; it does remind me of a diamond tennis bracelet.

Believe it or not, the Roadmaster wasn’t even the Buick with the most sparkle that year; that honor went to the extra-long and luxurious Limited which was adorned with 15 vertical louvers on each rear fender. The Limited was nearly 19 feet long and weighed around 4700 pounds.

All ’58 models, the Roadmaster and Limited (as well as the Century, Special, and Super) were powered by a 364ci V-8. All series except the Special had a Quadrajet carburetor. Powertrain options included the Flight Pitch Dynaflow, standard on both the Roadmaster 75 and the Limited. Marketing focused on flight (it was the rocket age after all) and used phrases like, “It looks and feels like flight on wheels,” and, “The air born B-58 Buick.”

If it seems like something is missing, despite all of the dazzling chrome trim, your mind may be registering the lack of ventiports. That feature, practically synonymous with the Buick, was absent in 1958 and 1959. Ventiports reappeared in 1960, this time with the Electra being the top-of-the-line model and sporting four on each side.

This 1960 Electra was graced with four ventiports to distinguish it from other models.

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Fallout’s Kaiser Darrin

We finally got around to watching Fallout and enjoyed it much more than I thought we would. Having just finished watching the Justified series for about the seventh time, it is nice to have another opportunity to watch Walton Goggins finesse the fine art of scene stealing. The show has a unique, vintage aesthetic, and it was a wonderful surprise to see Goggin’s character “Cooper Howard” tooling around in a Kaiser Darrin during the flashback sequences. We published this post about the Darrin many years ago, but here it is again for those who missed it the first time:

This unusual front end belongs to a rare automobile, a 1954 Kaiser Darrin:

1954 Kaiser Darrin (Classic Car Collection, Kearney, Nebraska)

The brochure for this unique machine boasts that it was designed by “Darrin of Paris,” also known as Howard “Dutch” Darrin.  Darrin was an interesting character who flew combat missions over France as a member of the U.S. Air Service during World War I.  He designed luxury automobiles for movie stars like Clark Gable and Errol Flynn, and his gravestone in Santa Monica simply reads “AUTOMOTIVE ARCHITECT.”  A thoroughly interesting 3-part article about his life was written by Richard Langworth and can be read here.  Although Darrin had some successes designing automobiles, the Kaiser Darrin wasn’t one of them and only 435 were produced.

The Darrin was a product of the struggling Kaiser Motors Corporation, and it just beat the Corvette to be the first car with a fiberglass body.  It also featured sliding doors that retracted into the front fenders when opened as seen in this picture from the sales brochure:

The grille has been said to look like pursed lips, but I think it looks more like Tweety Bird.  Think about it.

Design preferences aside, the Darrin was not cheap.  It was priced at $3,668 (compared to $2,774 for a Corvette) and, although it cost more, its 90-hp engine was completely out-classed by the Vette’s 150 horses.

Another problem may have been the sales pitch for the Darrin.  This is an excerpt from an article dated February 13, 1954, that featured an interview with a model, Pat Matteson, who had been hired to demonstrate the Darrin at the International Sports Show in New York City:

Cars with plastic bodies are still a mystery to most motorists.  They want to know if the plastic will dent if people lean on it, whether snow will melt the plastic, whether hot water will make a hole in it, or whether insects will become permanently embedded in it.

“No. . .No. . .No. . .No,” says Pat.  “But a motorist can repair a fender dent in the same way he’d patch a tire.  And he can fix it so it doesn’t show.

“If a lady wants to change the color of the plastic body to match her hat, gloves or a new dress, she can do so by spraying on a new paint with a vacuum cleaner.  But it would take her three hours.”

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Ammo Delivery with Nobby Tread Tires

If you are traveling by automobile this summer, you have likely given some thought to the condition of your tires. It is an important safety consideration no matter what terrain you are traversing, but imagine your level of concern if you were hurtling through Mexico over treacherous roads to deliver ammunition to the Mexican Rebel Army. According to 1914 newspapers, that was the exact situation for those pictured below.

I wish the picture was clearer. I tried to enhance it using AI, but that only provided marginal improvement.

Unfortunately, the caption that goes along with the photo does not even indicate what type of car it is, or who was doing the supplying, but it does extol the virtues of using “Nobby Tread” tires under such arduous circumstances.  The caption also explains that the car made three round trips between Brownsville, Texas, and Victoria, Mexico, to deliver the ammo amid the revolution, a bloody struggle to end a dictatorship and establish a constitutional republic led by familiar names like Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata. The roads were hazardous, and capture would have meant certain death, so reliable tires were more than mere luxury.

Nobby Tread tires were a product of the United States Tire Company which was owned by United States Rubber. This advertisement gives a closer look at the tire:

Notice this advertisement refers to the Nobby as “one of the five.” This is a reference to the one plain tread and four anti-skid tires being produced by the company at that time.

This advertisement avers that drivers will experience 90% fewer punctures with the Nobby than with other tires.

Who knows if that was a true statement, but if you were speeding over questionable roads through a war-torn country to deliver bullets to one side, and under a hot Mexican sun, no less, the Nobby Tread was likely the smart tire choice.

This photo, also taken in 1914, features a new Cadillac ambulance outfitted with Nobby Tread tires in the city of San Francisco.

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A Rare Brand of Go

On more than one occasion I have had people express disbelief that we are able to find vintage car parts at antique stores (for reasonable prices)! Although respect for car parts seems to be trending up among purveyors of fine antiques, many dealers just have no interest in the subject. Kind of like how I feel when I see salt and pepper shakers or those glass “hen on nest” dishes. I once found a 1940s Lincoln Zephyr V12 horn ring, with the horn button intact, for twelve bucks at an antique store. That was a great find, and so is the Oldsmobile Skyrocket air cleaner lid I found last week:

This item is easy to date because the Skyrocket name was only used for a few years; Oldsmobile introduced it in 1961 and it was used through 1963. The Skyrocket engine was a 394ci, 4-barrel, high-compression engine. The 10-to-1 compression ratio delivered 325 horsepower in 1961. That compression ratio was upped to 10.25-to-1 in 1962 and turned out 330hp. Happily, this one has most of the decal intact.

Here it is pictured in the 1962 brochure.

The Skyrocket was an option for the Dynamic 88 and standard on the Ninety-Eight and Super 88. This ad features a 1961 Ninety-Eight “with Skyrocket performance.”

This 1962 ad features a Super 88 Holiday Coupe with “a rare brand of GO!”

A Ninety-Eight headlines this ad from 1963 and touts the horsepower which, by the way, was needed for such a heavy automobile. According to the brochure, the shipping weight for the Ninety-Eight was a considerable 4,241 pounds.

The 394 was still used in ’64, but the Skyrocket name was not. The Skyrocket certainly went out in style, however, with the tail lights on the ’63 Ninety-Eight being among the most unique and beautiful:

Photo credit: Nadablue, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

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Saturday Morning Flea Market Haul

Flea market season is gearing up in the Midwest (in between tornadoes), and I, for one, could not be happier. We hit the road over the weekend and found some interesting pieces. Do you recognize anything?

The radio face in the middle of the pile is for a ’56 Ford, and next to that is a ’69-’73 Firebird parking light bezel, and then a Plymouth radio delete. Just above those is a great GM B-31 backup light, and a truck mirror with just the right amount of wear. We found a number of vintage license plate frames including a couple from a dealership in Pomona, which is a long way from Nebraska.

The Chevrolet speaker grille on the lower left is from a ’39 radio, and it has amazing patina.

This is how it appeared in the 1939 accessories booklet:

1939 Chevrolet

The item on the far left is a light from a ’57 Chrysler.

It is an interior map and indicator light found just above the gauges. In this photo you can see it through the top half of the steering wheel:

Photo credit: Greg Gjerdingen from Willmar, USA, CC BY 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The top piece is a dash panel with a clock, and it goes with those amazing vents to the far right in the first photo.

They are original to some ’63 Pontiac models, like this Grand Prix that is for sale on eBay right now:

Finally, the small book is a license plate directory for Dawson County, Nebraska, published in 1960 by the local VFW Post. On the last page there is a list of the plates issued to ham radio operators that year.

That made we wonder how long it has been a practice to issue plates personalized with the call signs of amateur ham radio operators, and looking for the answer led me to this comprehensive discussion by Mike Ludkiewicz that states they were first issued in Michigan in 1939. These were not official ham plates, but personalized plates limited to a maximum of three letters and three numbers. Apparently, they were discontinued the following year due to administrative problems, and the first “true” ham plates were then issued in 1950 in Florida. This drawing appeared in an issue of the Miami News that same year.

In recognition of the valuable service provided by amateur radio operators during emergencies, the personalized plates were eventually offered in every state in the union.

Finally, look at these amazing vintage photos I found online that depict a 1963 Plymouth Valiant equipped with a ham radio. The car was owned by Harry Garland of Grosse Pointe Shores, Michigan, and the photographs were taken there in 1963.

Photo credit: GarlandFamily, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Photo credit: GarlandFamily, CC BY-SA 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

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An Armored Cadillac and an Army of Fords

In the years leading up to World War I, the United States had no large standing army and no processes in place for the building and support of such a force. For this reason, steps were taken to train civilians to be able to defend the country. One idea promoted by General Leonard Wood involved the use of military training camps for civilians, and you can read more about that here: The Plattsburg Movement and its Legacy

One of these camps was located on the shores of Lake Champlain, and, in 1915, a writer for the New York Tribune named Hank Caldwell traveled there to watch a motor train consisting of 15 vehicles pull into the camp. The motor train did not have an official title, but the officers involved, including organizer Captain Raynal C. Bolling, dubbed it the “First Motor Machine Gun Company.” The caravan consisted of trucks, ambulances, and transportation cars furnished by companies like International, Mack, and Autocar. Buick and Simplex contributed wagons with mounted machine guns, but the undisputed star of the caravan was an armored Cadillac that had recently crossed the country on a tour with cadets of the Northwestern Military Academy under the command of Colonel R. P. Davidson:

This eight-cylinder Cadillac had steel armor, a Colt machine gun, and ports for rifle fire. Gas mileage was 10 miles to the gallon, and it was said to be painted battleship gray with delicate black striping.

Credit: August 1915 issue of American Motorist

General Leonard Wood was interviewed by Caldwell during this visit and made some interesting comments about his desire for American automobile owners to organize, under the direction of the army, in defense of the nation: “As a trained body, our hundreds of thousands of motorists, with their cars, would be one of the powerful arms of our army.”

Wood noted, “The national rivalry of our motor manufacturers has brought about a great variety of cars of all sizes and descriptions,” and therefore the first step would be to form motor corps consisting of only one make of automobile to enable the interchange of parts and tires. When enough owners driving a given make of car was found, the next step would be to assemble them in a camp setting where they could be given military training.

Wood also thought that each owner should bring some friends along:

“It is possible that an owner could be induced to muster enough recruits to fully man his machine. If so, he would come into the training camp with his car and four, five, or six men, according to the capacity of his machine, and. . .in this way we should obtain enough men with every two or three hundred cars to form a regiment. To this regiment we could assign trucks, ambulances, armored cars, machines guns, and special motor vehicles. . .”

1913 Ford Model T at the Republic County Historical Society & Museum at Belleville, Kansas.

So, the United States government was contemplating outfitting the cars of citizens with machines guns; file that one under, “How times have changed.” The participants attending this 1915 camp were enthusiastic about the idea. Caldwell reported this about a Mr. Derby from North Carolina who had driven his Ford to the camp:

“Mr. Derby said that he is convinced the light car is the practical thing for army use and that upon his return to North Carolina. . .he will organize a company of 100 Ford cars, and it is his intention to mount them with machine guns and drive from North Carolina to the encampment next year. He thinks this idea should be taken up by Ford owners in all parts of the country, and next year he says we should have 700,000 Fords ready for use against the invader.”

1913 Ford Model T at the Republic County Historical Society & Museum at Belleville, Kansas.

These days, Mr. Derby, I would recommend using the Ford F-150.